Turbines make residential wind power one of the more controversial forms of renewable energy. Whether you find these tall structures beautiful or hideous, home owners interested in installing "small wind" electrical systems should be able to answer the following questions.

1. How do Residential Wind Energy Electrical Systems Work?

At the most basic level, a tower and turbine are erected. The turbine collects kinetic energy, when wind speeds are 7 miles an hour or greater. Below that speed, the home's electricity is supplied by a local utility. When more energy is produced by the wind turbine than is needed to power the home, that electricity is sold back to the utility's grid. This process is called "net metering."

2. What Steps are Required to Purchase and Install a "Small Wind" System?

Residential wind turbines can be purchased with or without installation. As with any large home renovation purchase:

• Comparison shop
• Get a great warranty
• Seek references from homeowners currently using those products.

You will also need an "appurtenant," or non-dwelling, building permit. Depending on zoning requirements in your area, these range from $400 to $1600. Inform your neighbors before installation to address any concerns they may have.

3. How Much do Residential Wind Energy Systems Cost?

On average, small wind systems cost $3000 to $6000 per kWh, or $40,000 for the standard 5 to 10 kWh turbine required to power a home. An average wind speed of 10 mph is advised if economics are an essential consideration.

Expect a "small wind" electrical system to pay itself back in 6 to 30 years. You will maximize your ROI by using tax rebates offered by federal and state governments.

4. Where do Wind Energy Powered Electrical Systems Work Best?

In general, the western, northeastern, and midwestern United States have optimal conditions for generating wind power. View the "Wind Powering America" maps to assess the feasibility of a wind-generated electrical system for your home.

5. How are Wind Turbines Maintained?

To operate a residential wind turbine safely and efficiently, annual or bi-annual maintenance is recommended. This involves inspection, cleaning, tightening hardware, and a variety of specialized equipment. Unless you are an expert at wind turbine maintenance, the job is best left to a professional contractor.

Visit the American Wind Energy Association's "Small Wind" page for more information about how to implement residential wind energy systems for your home or community.